-ketza

Meanings

1. to lift, to stand (something) up; to build

   Documented in Nahuizalco, Izalco, Cuisnahuat, Santo Domingo de Guzmán

   Sources: Schultze Jena (1935), Todd (1953), Campbell (1985), Ramírez (2004), King (2011a), King (2011b), Hernández (2019), Ordóñez (2026)

Forms

imperative

shimuketza · Sources: King (2011a)

reflexive

muketzat · Sources: Schultze Jena (1935), King (2011b)nimuketza · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)nimuketzki · Sources: King (2011b)timuketza · Sources: King (2011b), Cárcamo et al. (2023)

Derived words

reflexive

muketza“to get up, to stand up” · Sources: Aráuz (1960), Schultze Jena (1935), Baratta (1951), Todd (1953), Campbell (1985), King (2011a), King (2011b), Cárcamo et al. (2023), Hernández (2019), Ordóñez (2026)

Pronunciation

In the texts

• taketza23 times
• muketza13 times
• nimuketza13 times
• muketzki11 times
• nimuketzki7 times
• shimuketza3 times
• timuketza3 times
• muketzat2 times
• kiketzaonce
• muketztukonce
• tiketzaonce

Sources

• Aráuz, El Pipil de la Región de los Itzalcos (1960), recorded about 1915–1924
• Schultze Jena, Mythen in der Muttersprache der Pipil von Izalco (1935), recorded 1930
• Baratta, Cuzcatlán típico (1951)
• Todd, Notas del náhuat de Nahuizalco (1953)
• Campbell, The Pipil Language of El Salvador (1985), recorded 1970–1976
• Ramírez, Naja Ni Genaro (2004), recorded about 2000–2004
• King, Léxico del Náhuat Básico (2011), recorded 2004–2008
• King, Timumachtikan! (2011), recorded 2004–2011
• Cárcamo et al., Achtu Taksalis (2023), recorded about 2019–2022
• Hernández, Nawat Mujmusta (2019)
• Ordóñez, Diccionario náhuat (2026)