-maka

Meanings

1. 1

   to give

   Documented in Nahuizalco, Izalco, Cuisnahuat, Santo Domingo de Guzmán

   Sources: Aráuz (1960), Schultze Jena (1935), Todd (1953), Campbell (1985), Ramírez (2004), King (2011a), King (2011b), Cárcamo et al. (2023), Hernández (2019), Ordóñez (2026)

2. 2

   to add

   Sources: King (2011a), Hernández (2019)

3. 3

   to hit, to strike, to punish

   Documented in Nahuizalco, Cuisnahuat

   Sources: Aráuz (1960), Todd (1953), Campbell (1985), King (2011a), Hernández (2019)

4. 4

   to set on fire

   Sources: King (2011a)

Forms

present

nikmakafirst person singular · Sources: Schultze Jena (1935), King (2011a)nimetzmakafirst person singular · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)tikmakasecond person singulartinechmakasecond person singular · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)kimakathird person singular · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)metzmaka · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)nechmaka · Sources: King (2011a), Cárcamo et al. (2023)techmaka · Sources: Cárcamo et al. (2023)

imperative

shinechmakasecond person singular · Sources: King (2011b), Cárcamo et al. (2023)

Pronunciation

In the texts

• ma269 times
• kimaka27 times
• nimetzmaka13 times
• tinechmaka11 times
• maka9 times
• tikmaka9 times
• shinechmaka8 times
• metzmaka4 times
• nechmaka4 times
• techmaka4 times
• muma2 times
• mumaka2 times
• tama2 times
• shikmakaonce
• shinechmaonce

Sources

• Aráuz, El Pipil de la Región de los Itzalcos (1960), recorded about 1915–1924
• Schultze Jena, Mythen in der Muttersprache der Pipil von Izalco (1935), recorded 1930
• Todd, Notas del náhuat de Nahuizalco (1953)
• Campbell, The Pipil Language of El Salvador (1985), recorded 1970–1976
• Ramírez, Naja Ni Genaro (2004), recorded about 2000–2004
• King, Léxico del Náhuat Básico (2011), recorded 2004–2008
• King, Timumachtikan! (2011), recorded 2004–2011
• Cárcamo et al., Achtu Taksalis (2023), recorded about 2019–2022
• Hernández, Nawat Mujmusta (2019)
• Ordóñez, Diccionario náhuat (2026)